France to issue citizens' handbook on how to be more French to every child
French children are to be given a "citizen's handbook" to teach them to be better republicans, as part of national identity measures announced by the government today.
Schools will be ordered to fly the French flag and to have a copy of the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in every classroom.
The measures, announced by the French prime minister, François Fillon, are the first to emerge from the country's controversial debate on national identity.
Under new rules, immigrants who come to live in France, who since 2007 have had to sign a contract of welcome and integration, will have to take part in a more solemn ceremony to become French citizens. They will also be expected to demonstrate a better command of the French language and a greater knowledge of the "values of the republic". All candidates will be required to sign a "charter" outlining their rights and responsibilities. U.S. Stocks Retreat on Concern Europe Finances to Hurt Recovery
U.S. stocks slid and the Dow Jones Industrial Average closed below 10,000 for the first time since November amid concern that deteriorating European government finances will derail the economic recovery.
Bank of America Corp. and American Express Co. lost at least 2.8 percent for the biggest declines in the Dow. Nasdaq OMX Group Inc. fell 4 percent to lead the Standard & Poor's 500 Index lower after its forecast for operating expenses topped some analysts' estimates. Home Depot Inc. rose 2.2 percent and Google Inc. climbed 0.4 percent on analyst upgrades.
The S&P 500 decreased 0.9 percent to 1,056.74 at 4:07 p.m. in New York, its biggest Monday drop since October. The Dow slipped 103.84 points, or 1 percent, to 9,908.39. Almost four stocks retreated for each that rose on the New York Stock Exchange. All 10 major groups in the S&P 500 fell today.
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Brú na Bóinne is a complex of Neolithic chamber tombs, standing stones, henges, and prehistoric enclosures located at a wide bend in the River Boyne in Ireland. Among its most well-known sections are the passage graves of Newgrange, Knowth, and Dowth, which possess significant collections of megalithic art. A World Heritage site, it was also used for Iron Age burials and was eventually settled by the Normans in the Middle Ages. What famous battle was fought in the area? 
The Boy Scouts of America (BSA), founded in 1910, is the largest youth organization in the US. Scouts are taught outdoorsmanship through participation in camping, aquatic, and hiking activities. These programs are designed to build character, promote fitness, and encourage good citizenship. Scouts advance in rank by completing projects and showing leadership, and they receive recognition in the form of merit badges and awards. How many of the 12 men to walk on the moon were Scouts? 
Afonso IV, known as "the Brave," was king of Portugal from 1325 until his death in 1357. A soldier and general, he fought several wars against Castile and the Moors and engaged in much political intrigue. Afonso's most important contribution as king was, perhaps, his strengthening of the Portuguese navy, which later became a formidable power in overseas exploration and trade. He is, however, best remembered for ordering whose murder in 1355? 
A recent study has found that babies who died from 
